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  • FM Radio hangs on to ad revenue share but may see shrinkage this year

    FM Radio hangs on to ad revenue share but may see shrinkage this year

    Despite competition from visual media content, FM radio channels in India have managed to retain an ad share of 2.3 per cent in 2024, said Madison world in a report.

    While analyst reports forecast radio to continue holding its ground in future as well, innovation in content may help radio’s survival, experts told businessline.

    For the last four years the radio segment’s ad revenue share has remained constant at around 2 per cent, after a 43 per cent drop during Covid-19 to ₹1,270 crores. In 2024, it increased to ₹2,462 crores, said Madison World.

    “The rate of growth is good at 8 per cent, but not good enough to beat the overall market growth of 9 per cent. In a way you could argue that digital radio is bound to replace traditional radio. Nevertheless, a growth rate of 8 per cent in a digital dominated world is quite creditable,” said Madison in a report.

    In terms of ad volume, radio grew by 4 per cent year-on-year in 2024, indicating a slowdown in growth after an 18 per cent jump between 2022 and 2023.

    Real Estate and home improvement remain the largest contributors to ad revenue, accounting for 15 per cent of total revenue in 2024.

    FMCG remained stable at 12 per cent of the total contribution, while the auto sector saw a strong growth of 11 per cent and maintained its 11 per cent share of total revenue.

    Despite the positives, Group M still expects radio’s ad revenue to fall in 2025 to ₹2,009 crore. It also pointed out that India remains one of the few countries where traditional mediums like radio and print continue to show positive growth.

    According to Lloyd Mathias, business strategist and Independent Director of Hindustan Times’ Fever FM, traditional mediums are under pressure to keep up with digital. However, radio has the potential to cash in on passive consumption.

    “Radio can be consumed passively, which means you can ‘listen’ to the radio, even when driving, commuting, jogging etc.,” said Mathias, adding that growing interest in podcasts may benefit radio.

    “So, while growth in ad revenue may continue to be difficult for radio, innovative content and formats, could help, arrest the slide,” he said.

    Private FM radio channels have been allowed to broadcast news bulletins from state-owned All India Radio in an unaltered form.

    The government is looking to expand radio coverage to more cities through the Phase III FM Radio Policy launched last year. The Hindu businessline

  • TRAI releases recommendations for new broadcasting services act

    TRAI releases recommendations for new broadcasting services act

    The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) on Friday (February 21, 2025) released its recommendations for the Framework for Service Authorisations for provision of Broadcasting Services under the Telecommunications Act, 2023.

    The recommendations include a proposal to remove the minimum net worth requirement of ₹100 crore for the Internet service providers to offer IPTV service and its alignment with the provisions contained in the authorisation for Internet Services to be issued by the Department of Telecom.

    “Terms and conditions for Radio Broadcasting Service have been made technology agnostic enabling adoption of digital technology. Service authorisation for ‘Terrestrial Radio Service’ should be delinked from frequency assignment and the auction of spectrum for frequency assignment for Terrestrial Radio Service shall be done separately…,” said the TRAI.

    It also suggested that the Information & Broadcasting Ministry should prescribe separate Programme Code and Advertisement Code for radio broadcasting service providers.

    As per the existing guidelines for various broadcasting services, licences/permissions/registrations are given by the I&B Ministry under the Indian Telegraph Act, for provision of broadcasting services. They include TV channel uplinking/downlinking (including Teleport), FM Radio, community radio stations, Digital Satellite News Gathering/Satellite News Gathering, Direct-To-Home, Headend-In-The-Sky, and IPTV services.

    The government has notified the Telecommunications Act (2023), which repeals the Indian Telegraph Act, but the appointed date for various sections of the new Act is yet to be notified. The Ministry, through a letter dated July 25, 2024, sought suggestions from TRAI on the terms and conditions in this regard. On October 30, 2024, the Authority initiated a consultation process by releasing a consultation paper and also held an open-house discussion on December 18, 2024.

    Based on the inputs and previous relevant recommendations, TRAI restructured the terms and conditions, aimed at “promoting growth and enhance ease of doing business in the sector”.

    The recommended authorisation framework provides for two distinct sets of terms and conditions: “The Broadcasting (Grant of Service Authorisations) Rules” and “The Broadcasting (Television Channel Broadcasting, Television Channel Distribution, and Radio Broadcasting) Services Rules”.

    The salient points of recommendations include that broadcasting service authorisations should be granted under Section 3(1)(a) of the Telecommunications Act; terms for the grant of service authorisations have been harmonised for similar services and covers eligibility criteria, application process, etc.; and that migration of existing licensee to new regime should be voluntary, till the expiry of licence/permission.

    No processing fee or entry fee will be required for migration in case of broadcasting services.

    However, the validity period of the respective service authorisation should be from the effective date of migration to the authorisation regime, irrespective of the validity period of existing licence/permission.

    The Authority has suggested adding new services like “Ground-based Broadcasting of a Television Channel” and “Low Power Small Range Radio Service”.

    To protect the interests of service providers, it has suggested that amendments to terms and conditions of service authorisations (except for reasons of national security) should require TRAI’s recommendations. It said infrastructure sharing on a voluntary basis, among broadcasting service providers as well as with telecom service providers/infrastructure providers, wherever technically and commercially feasible, should be allowed.

    TRAI has also suggested changes in the terms and conditions, including fees and charges, for various broadcasting services. The Hindu

  • US pushes Kyiv on mineral deals, raises Starlink leverage

    US pushes Kyiv on mineral deals, raises Starlink leverage

    US negotiators pressing Kyiv for access to Ukraine’s critical minerals have raised the possibility of cutting the country’s access to Elon Musk’s vital Starlink satellite internet system.

    Ukraine’s continued access to SpaceX-owned Starlink was brought up in discussions between US and Ukrainian officials after Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy turned down an initial proposal from US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent.

    Starlink provides crucial internet connectivity to war-torn Ukraine and its military.

    The issue was raised again on Thursday during meetings between Keith Kellogg, the US special Ukraine envoy, and Zelenskiy, said one of the sources, who was briefed on the talks.

    During the meeting, Ukraine was told it faced imminent shutoff of the service if it did not reach a deal on critical minerals, said the source, who requested anonymity to discuss closed negotiations.

    “Ukraine runs on Starlink. They consider it their North Star,” said the source. “Losing Starlink … would be a massive blow.”

    Zelenskiy has rejected demands from President Donald Trump’s administration for $500 billion in mineral wealth from Ukraine to repay Washington for wartime aid, saying the US has offered no specific security guarantees.

    On Friday, the Ukrainian president said the US and Ukrainian teams were working on an agreement and Trump said he expects a deal will be signed soon.

    Musk rushed thousands of Starlink terminals to Ukraine to replace communications services destroyed by Russia after its February 2022 invasion. Hailed as a hero in Ukraine, Musk later curtailed access at least once before in the fall of 2022 as he became more critical of Kyiv’s handling of the war.

    US lawmakers are divided over Trump’s efforts to find a quick end to the Ukraine war and some have raised questions about Musk’s rapid-fire efforts to cull thousands of federal workers and shut down Federal agencies.

    Melinda Haring, a senior fellow with the Atlantic Council, said Starlink was essential for Ukraine’s operation of drones, a key pillar of its military strategy.

    “Losing Starlink would be a game changer,” Haring said, noting that Ukraine was now at 1:1 parity with Russia in terms of drone usage and artillery shells. Ukraine has a wide range of different drone capabilities, ranging from sea drones and surveillance drones to long-range unmanned aerial vehicles.

    The Ukrainian embassy in Washington, the White House and the US Department of Defense did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

    SpaceX, which operates Starlink, also did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

    Last fall, Ukraine floated the idea of opening its critical minerals to investment by allies. This was part of a “victory plan” that sought to put it in the strongest position for talks and force Moscow to the table.

    Trump has embraced the idea, saying he wants Ukraine to supply the US with rare earths and other minerals in return for financially supporting its war effort.

    Zelenskiy rejected a detailed US proposal last week that would have seen Washington and US firms receiving 50% of Ukraine’s critical minerals, which include graphite, uranium, titanium and lithium, a key component in electric car batteries.

    Since then a rift has emerged between the leaders, with Trump denouncing Zelenskiy as “a dictator without elections” on Wednesday after Zelenskiy said Trump was trapped in a Russian disinformation bubble, a response to the US president suggesting Ukraine started the war. Reuters

  • Texas Children’s Hospital, UT MD Anderson enter into JV to end childhood cancer

    Texas Children’s Hospital, UT MD Anderson enter into JV to end childhood cancer

    Texas Children’s Hospital and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have announced a transformational collaboration dedicated solely to pediatric cancer care. Approved by the Texas Children’s Board of Trustees and the UT System Board of Regents, this new, first-of-its-kind joint venture will unite the nation’s largest comprehensive pediatric system and a top pediatric cancer program with the nation’s leading comprehensive cancer center. The collaboration has a single mission: to end childhood cancer.

    “The scope and scale of our combined effort will build the world’s preeminent pediatric cancer center, addressing the growing need for excellent patient care and greatly benefiting children with cancer through increased access to care and to clinical trials,” said Peter WT Pisters, M.D., President of MD Anderson. “MD Anderson and Texas Children’s offer unique strengths that when brought together will accelerate improved outcomes for patients in Texas and around the world.”

    Collaborative operations and patient care will launch in early 2026. A focus on new facilities is required to offer patients and their families a best-in-class healing environment with the latest medical technology designed specifically with them in mind. Specifics are not yet established but will be forthcoming. The combination of Texas Children’s and MD Anderson patient populations will increase pediatric cancer clinical trials, ultimately expediting discoveries and enhancing the availability of innovative cancer treatments. Texas has one of the youngest and fastest growing populations in the country and has the second most total pediatric cancer cases in the United States, creating a significant opportunity for scientific advancement through this joint venture.

    “This groundbreaking collaboration between two proven leaders in pediatric and cancer care marks the beginning of a new era in the fight against childhood cancer,” says Debra F. Sukin, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Texas Children’s. “The combined force of our two iconic programs will be led with the nation’s top talent—from clinicians and researchers to nurses and administrative professionals—each committed to realizing the shared mission of eradicating pediatric cancer.”

    While the two organizations have collaborated for years, this new effort will expand access while offering the nation’s largest complement of pediatric subspecialty care and services to children diagnosed with all types of cancer within a single entity. More than 200 Texas Children’s pediatric oncology specialists, who are full time faculty with Baylor College of Medicine, and over 100 MD Anderson pediatric clinicians and researchers will together advance this transformational care team. The collaboration will also feature pediatric oncology education programs aimed at training and expanding the next-generation pediatric oncology care team who will be key in our bold goal of eliminating childhood cancer.
    NewsBit Bureau

  • Virginia hospitals caught in political crosshairs

    Virginia hospitals caught in political crosshairs

    A political battle over transgender healthcare has left some Virginia families scrambling to secure care for their children.

    Following an executive order from President Donald Trump, three Virginia hospitals paused gender-affirming care for minors, leaving patients in limbo. But now, after a federal judge blocked the order, at least one hospital is resuming services — while others remain on hold.

    The University of Virginia’s hospital has restarted gender-affirming care for patients under 19, but in Richmond, VCU Health’s pause remains in place. A spokesperson for Children’s Hospital of the King’s Daughters in Norfolk did not respond to questions for comment.

    “We are reviewing the order to determine an appropriate course of action,” VCU Health communications director Danielle Pierce said in an email Friday. “(The hospital’s) doors have remained open, and will continue to be open, to all patients and their families for screening, counseling and all health care needs not affected by the executive order.”

    Advocacy groups are calling for immediate action. Equality Virginia, alongside various LGBTQ+ organizations, signed a joint letter urging hospitals to resume care for minors.

    “Virginians deserve health care that is rooted in medical integrity, legal protections, and ethical responsibility, not political expediency,” they wrote.

    Meanwhile, families are struggling to navigate the uncertainty.

    Sen. Danica Roem, D-Prince William, the first and only openly transgender member of Virginia’s General Assembly, said she’s been in touch with families trying to switch providers before their children’s medication runs out.

    “Kids and families have been made to panic for weeks,” Roem said.

    As hospitals around Virginia navigate the fallout from Trump’s late-January order, Virginia Attorney General Jason Miyares wasted no time pushing for compliance.

    He sent a memo to UVA Health and VCU Health advising them to halt gender-affirming care for minors immediately. By early February, Children’s Hospital of the King’s Daughters followed suit, announcing it would suspend those services.

    For Norfolk resident Lisa Suhay, the policy change is deeply frustrating. While her 21-year-old transgender daughter isn’t directly affected, she’s concerned for families who are now left scrambling — and for hospitals caught in the political crosshairs.

    “A goal of (Trump’s) administration is to drive wedges between our medical communities and the public,” Suhay said. “By forcing hospitals to make these brutal decisions, they achieve that goal.”

    Trump’s order, which is temporarily blocked as legal challenges play out, directs federal agencies to ensure that institutions receiving federal research or education grants “end the chemical and surgical mutilation of children.”

    While Suhay said she believes hospitals should resist the order, she acknowledges the difficult position they’re in, as defying it could mean losing federal funding.

    “The parents who are shouting ‘you need to resist for the sake of my child’ still need to have a hospital for their kid to go to if they break an arm or have cancer,” she said. Fauquier

  • Zero Health raises £5.5 million in pre-seed funding

    Zero Health raises £5.5 million in pre-seed funding

    Hormone testing has long relied on laboratory blood tests, which only capture a single moment in time and require frequent clinic visits. For patients undergoing IVF, managing menopause, or receiving testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), this means invasive, inconvenient, and often delayed insights into their hormonal health.

    Healthtech startup Level Zero Health is tackling this problem with the world’s first remote and continuous hormone monitoring device. Now, the company has secured £5.5 million in pre-seed funding, led by Swiss VC Redalpine, with support from HAX (SOSV), Entrepreneur First, and industry experts, to bring this technology to market.

    Expansion and growth plans
    With fresh funding secured, Level Zero Health is focusing on the following:

    • Advancing R&D to refine its DNA-based hormone monitoring system
    • Expanding its team in the UK and US
    • Preparing for clinical trials and regulatory approvals
    • Bringing its technology to market, starting with B2B clinical applications

    A new era for hormone tracking
    Rather than relying on invasive blood draws, Level Zero Health’s device measures hormones in interstitial fluid, which surrounds cells and tissues. This sleek, wearable patch, worn on the arm, provides real-time readings of key hormones like cortisol, progesterone, estrogen, and testosterone. Its DNA-based sensors allow users to track hormone levels in real-time, similar to how continuous glucose monitors have transformed diabetes care.

    By enabling on-demand, continuous hormone tracking, Level Zero Health is democratising access to hormone data, making it easier for both patients and clinicians to understand and manage hormonal health effectively.

    Proven results
    In just under a year, Level Zero Health has made remarkable progress, validating its DNA-based sensors in simulated samples across 98% of the human clinical range. As per the company, this is a milestone that significantly outperforms industry standards.

    Its non-invasive, real-time monitoring capabilities place it at the forefront of next-generation diagnostics, opening the door for B2B clinical adoption as well as pharma and consumer applications in the future.

    Experienced leadership and visionary advisory board
    Founded in 2023 by Ula Rustamova (ex-Palantir Enterprise Tech Lead and wearable startup founder) and Irene Jia (former medical device developer at Philips), Level Zero Health brings together expertise in enterprise tech, medical devices, and biotech innovation.

    The company has also assembled an impressive clinical advisory board, including Aaron Styer, Medical Director at CCRM Fertility and Associate Professor at Harvard Medical School; Kelly Walker, Board-certified urologist and medical advisor at hims; and Joshua Klein, Medical Director at Extend Fertility and Assistant Professor at Mount Sinai.

    What’s next?
    By modernising hormone diagnostics, Level Zero Health is setting a new standard for real-time, personalised healthcare. With continuous hormone monitoring, patients and clinicians will soon have access to unprecedented insights, making hormone-related treatments more precise, accessible, and effective than ever before.

    Ula Rustamova, CEO of Level Zero Health, said: “Our innovative remote monitoring technology marks an enormous leap forward in hormone testing, and this funding will enable us to bring this revolutionary solution to market. This breakthrough in health technology has come about in a relatively short amount of time, but already we are seeing strong demand from customers who recognise the benefits of hormone monitoring not only because it allows patients to skip invasive and inconvenient lab tests, but also because it captures critical data inaccessible before.”

    Philip Kneis, investor at redalpine and board member of Level Zero Health, said: “We did it for blood pressure and will do it again for hormones. Continuous hormone measurement is one of the holy grails of diagnostics, and as fundamental science transitions to engineering, we couldn’t be more excited to back Level Zero Health in their mission to transform hormone tracking with their novel biosensor – paving the way for a new era of personalised health management.”

    Aaron Styer MD, co-founding partner and medical director at CCRM Fertility Boston stated: “Improvements in healthcare delivery have been impacted by the limitations of existing devices and applications. This technological breakthrough by Level Zero Health will transform the clinician’s ability to manage and monitor hormonal-based diseases and treatments. The technology has a myriad of applications across remote hormonal monitoring for fertility treatments and endocrine disorders. It will significantly expand patient access to care, reduce healthcare costs, and enable clinicians to change the paradigm of medical practice.” TechFundingNews

  • India, US negotiating strong trade agreement; eye USD 500 bn trade 

    India, US negotiating strong trade agreement; eye USD 500 bn trade 

    India and the US are committed to increasing bilateral trade to $500 billion and negotiating a “strong” trade agreement within the next 6-8 months, Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal said on Tuesday.

    During the recent visit of Prime Minister Narendra Modi to Washington, India and the US announced to more than double the two-way commerce to $500 billion by 2030 and negotiate the first tranche of a mutually beneficial, multi-sector bilateral trade agreement (BTA) by fall of 2025.

    Goyal said once his US counterpart takes charge, both countries will discuss the contours of the pact.

    “…In the next 6-8 months, by establishing a strong trade agreement, we are committed to increasing trade to $500 billion,” Goyal told reporters here on the sidelines of CII’s India-Qatar Business Forum meet.

    He added businesses of both the countries are excited about the agreement.

    When asked if the pact would have chapters related to goods, services and investments, he said, “My counterpart has not yet confirmed in the US…After the (confirmation), we will do talks and then only we can decide the way forward”.

    Normally in a free trade agreement, two trading partners either eliminate or significantly reduce customs duties on the maximum number of goods traded between them. Besides, they ease norms to promote trade in services and boost investments.

    During the first term of US President Donald Trump, the two countries had discussed a mini-trade deal, but it was shelved by the Joe Biden administration as they were not in favour of such pacts.

    In 2023, the US and India bilateral trade in goods and services stood at $190.08 billion ($123.89 billion in goods and $66.19 billion in services trade). In that year, India’s merchandise exports to the US stood at $83.77 billion, while imports were $40.12 billion, leaving a trade gap of $43.65 billion in favour of India.

    The country’s services export to America was $36.33 billion in 2023, while imports were aggregated at $29.86 billion. The trade gap (difference between imports and exports) was $6.47 billion in favour of New Delhi.

    During 2021-24, America was the largest trading partner of India. The US is one of the few countries with which India has a trade surplus.

    In 2023-24, the US was the largest trading partner of India with $119.71 billion bilateral trade in goods ($77.51 billion worth of exports, $42.19 billion of imports and $35.31 billion trade surplus).

    India received $67.8 billion in foreign direct investments from America during April 2000 and September 2024. PTI

  • Private hospitals dues hit ₹500cr; Punjab assures HC to clear dues by March 21

    Private hospitals dues hit ₹500cr; Punjab assures HC to clear dues by March 21

    The state of Punjab has informed the Punjab and Haryana High Court that it will settle all outstanding payments owed to private hospitals up to December 31, 2024, by March 21.

    The commitment was made before Justice Kuldeep Tiwari’s Bench during the hearing of a petition filed by the Indian Medical Association (IMA) Punjab and other petitioner-hospitals/medical institutions registered under the Ayushman Bharat Scheme.

    The petitioners had sought the release of pending dues amounting to over Rs 500 crore.

    As the petition filed against the state and other respondents through senior counsel DS Patwalia and advocate Adityajit Singh Chadha came up for a resumed hearing, the state counsel gave the undertaking on instructions from the Principle Secretary, Finance. He, at the same time, sought liberty to “further raise the claim regarding contribution to the Central Government as per the scheme”.

    In view of the specific stand taken by the state counsel, the counsel for the petitioners submitted that they at the current stage did not want to press the petition. They, too, sought liberty to revive the petition in case the undertaking was not been adhered to by Punjab.

    Taking up the matter in September last year, Justice Vinod S Bhardwaj of the high court had observed that the liability to pay had been acknowledged, but only about Rs 26 crore had been released. The court had also called for details of expenses incurred on advertising in print and audio-visual media, renovating houses and offices of ministers, MLAs and Class I officers, and the purchase of new vehicles. The Principal Secretary, Finance, was directed to file an affidavit detailing expenses incurred under specific heads.

    Justice Bhardwaj had noted Additional Solicitor-General Satya Pal Jain’s contention that the Centre was to reimburse 60 per cent of the medical bills and had already released Rs 355.48 crore to the state government. The responsibility to disburse the funds, along with their own dues, rested with the state health agencies. “The state has not only not released its own share but also misutilised the share already released by the Union of India,” Jain had added.

    “What is surprising is that even though more than Rs 350 crore has been claimed to be released by the Union of India, the amount received by the state of Punjab/state health agency from the Union of India has not been disbursed and they have unlawfully retained the amount,” Justice Bhardwaj had asserted. Tribune India

  • South Africa’s Vodacom targets double-digit profit growth by 2030

    South Africa’s Vodacom targets double-digit profit growth by 2030

    South Africa’s biggest mobile operator Vodacom aims to accelerate group core profit growth into a double-digit rise from 7.8% in its latest annual results, with more customers and targeted financial services growth.

    Chief Executive Shameel Joosub and Chief Financial Officer Raisibe Morathi hosted shareholders and potential investors to share the operator’s “Vision 2030”, where they laid out medium-term plans to grow on the continent.

    The targeted normalised group earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) growth of double-digits for 2025 to 2030 is an upgrade from the existing target of high single-digit growth for 2024 to 2027.

    In its latest results for the year ended March 31, Vodacom reported group EBITDA growth of 7.8% on a pro-forma basis. On a reported basis, EBITDA grew by 24.3%.

    According to presentation slides on its website, future growth will be supported by an increase of 50 million customers to reach 260 million customers across eight African countries by 2030. It also expects to add more than 35 million financial services customers from the current 85 million as smartphone penetration grows from 63% to 75%.

    Mobile operators have been expanding in financial services across Africa, where a large part of the population does not have good access to traditional banking. They see fintech and digital services as quick revenue generators.

    Vodacom, majority-owned by British Vodafone, is targeting financial services revenue growth of between 15% and 20% by 2030, as it scales beyond core financial services, introducing products and services such as wealth management.

    Overall, full-year group revenue is seen accelerating to just over 200 billion rand ($10.80 billion) by 2030, from 151 billion rand in 2025, according to the presentation slides. Reuters

  • Besi warns of Q1 2025 revenue drop despite AI-driven orders

    Besi warns of Q1 2025 revenue drop despite AI-driven orders

    Dutch chipmaking parts supplier BE Semiconductor Industries (Besi) forecast an unexpected sales drop for the first quarter on Thursday, as weakness in its traditional markets offsets positive AI related orders.

    The chip assembly equipment maker expects its quarterly sales to fall by up to 10% from the 153.4 million euros ($159.9 million) it reported for the final quarter of 2024.

    Analysts were expecting revenue to grow to 170.2 million euros in the first quarter, according to LSEG’s IBES data.

    Degroof Petercam analyst Michael Roeg said the first quarter guidance came well below market expectations, while fourth quarter results were a broad miss, with order bookings significantly below estimates.

    Bookings, an important metric to forecast future growth, were 121.9 million euros in the fourth quarter, against analysts’ estimate of 171 million euros in a Visible Alpha consensus.

    “We enter the year 2025 with cautious optimism based on strong momentum in our advanced die placement solutions for AI applications partially offset by ongoing weakness in mainstream automotive, smart phone, industrial and Chinese end-user markets,” CEO Richard Blickman said in a statement.

    Investors are banking on growing orders for Besi’s hybrid bonding solutions and the company’s first-mover advantage amid a surge in demand for AI-enabling technology.

    But its traditional markets – tools destined for the production of chips used in cars and smartphones – are facing a more than two year long downturn, as manufacturers push back orders to manage their excess manufacturing capacity.

    Besi said it expects recovery in the mainstream assembly markets to start only in the second half of 2025, which will also depend on end market trends and the course of global trade restrictions. US News